February 2024

The irrational use of antibiotics has led to a high emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. The traditional overuse of antibiotics in the animal feed industry plays a crucial role in the emergence of these pathogens that pose both economic and health problems. In addition, antibiotics have also recently experienced an increase to treat companion animal infections, promoting the emergence of MDR bacteria in pets, which can reach humans. Phages have been proposed as an alternative for antibiotics for the treatment of livestock and companion animal infections due to their multiple advantages as adaptative drugs, such as their ability to evolve, to multiply at the site of infections, and their high specificity. Moreover, phage-derived enzymes may also be an interesting approach. However, the lack of regulation for this type of pharmaceutical hinders its potential commercialization. In this review, we summarize the main recent studies on phage therapy in livestock and companion animals, providing an insight into current advances in this area and the future of treatments for bacterial infections.
抗生素的不合理使用导致了多重耐药菌的大量出现。在动物饲料工业中，抗生素的传统过度使用在这些病原体的出现中起着至关重要的作用，这些病原体造成了经济和健康问题。此外，抗生素最近也经历了治疗伴侣动物感染的增加，促进了宠物中MDR细菌的出现，这些细菌可以到达人类。由于噬菌体作为适应性药物的多种优势，例如它们在感染部位进化、繁殖的能力以及它们的高特异性，噬菌体已被提议作为抗生素的替代物用于治疗家畜和伴侣动物感染。此外，噬菌体衍生的酶也可能是一种有趣的方法。然而，缺乏对这类药物的监管阻碍了其潜在的商业化。 在这篇综述中，我们总结了最近在家畜和伴侣动物中的噬菌体治疗的主要研究，提供了对该领域当前进展和细菌感染治疗未来的见解。